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利用有效失败促进计算思维发展的编程教学设计——一项基于设计的研究

2022年第2期  点击:[]

杜鸿羽1 马志强1 芦镜羽2

(1. 江南大学 江苏“互联网+教育”研究基地,江苏 无锡 214122;2. 江南大学 人文学院,江苏 无锡 214122)

【摘 要】计算思维的基本内涵可以归结为概念理解、实践操作和计算策略。编程教学是发展计算思维的重要手段,然而目前编程教学主要针对概念理解与实践操作展开,对于计算策略的关注不够。众多研究证实,学生在编程任务过程中经历的有效失败是促进计算策略形成的重要契机。鉴于此,本研究基于有效失败理论凝练编程教学设计的原则与策略,采用基于设计的研究方法进行三轮迭代与完善。研究认为:设计具有高挑战度的开放性编程任务,采用协作编程支持编程方案迭代,采用结构化反思支持编程经验整合是设计的重要原则。研究同时发现基于有效失败的教学设计能够促进学生发现不同方案在应用条件上的差异,促进深层次反思,对发展计算思维抽象、分解和评估方面的能力具有显著作用。后续研究还应关注有效失败理论在不同学段、学科中的应用。

【关键词】有效失败;计算思维;编程教育;协作编程

Programming Instructional Design that Leverages Productive Failure to Advance Computational Thinking: A Design-based Study

DU Hongyu1 MA Zhiqiang1 and LU Jingyu2

(1. Jiangsu Research Center of “Internet Plus Education”, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; 2.School of Humanities, Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122, China)

Abstract: The basic connotation of computational thinking can be summarized as conceptual understanding, practical operation and computational strategies. Programming teaching, as an important means to develop computational thinking, mainly focuses on concept understanding and practical operation at present, while computational strategies lack sufficient attention. Many studies have confirmed that productive failure experienced by students in programming tasks is an important opportunity to promote the formation of computational strategies. In view of this, based on the productive failure theory condensed programming teaching design principles and strategies, this study adopts design-based research method to carry out three rounds of iteration and improvement. Three suggestions are given: designing ill-structured programming tasks with high challenge; Using collaborative programming to support programming scheme iteration; Adopting structured reflection to support the integration of programming experience as an important principle of design. Simultaneous development of teaching design based on productive failure can facilitate students to discover differences in the application conditions of different schemes, promote deep reflection, and significantly improve the development of abstraction, decomposition and evaluation of computational thinking. Subsequent research could focus on designing interdisciplinary problems based on the theory of productive failure to facilitate students to condense and summarize universal rules.

Keywords: productive failure; computational thinking; programming education; collaborative programming

下载:  利用有效失败促进计算思维发展的编程教学设计.pdf


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