彭 庚1,2 王 帅1
（1.华中师范大学 教育学院，湖北 武汉 430079；2.福建教育学院 校长研修部，福建 福州 350025）
【摘 要】在数字技术、智能技术深度融合的数智化时代，知识主体多元化、虚实情境互融、数智技术更迭、多向度信息裂变等现象重塑了教育主客体关系，打破了传统学校治理边界，颠覆了传统教学思维模式，并加剧了学校环境变化，中小学校长面临主体性危机凸显、整体性治理缺失、创新性发展受限、内生性发展不足等领导困境。究其原因，建基于牛顿式经典哲学世界观的传统领导范式，具有还原式认知、碎片化治理、稳态性追求、外源式动力等局限性，遮蔽了“成员”的主体性，限制了改革的整体性，抑制了组织的创造性，阻碍了成长的内生性，已无法适应数智化时代的学校治理需求。基于量子哲学世界观的量子型领导具有敏捷性、创新性、包容性、灵活性等多态特征，能够在动力机制、思维方式、互动关系和哲学假设等方面实现超越，为中小学校长提供新的启示。为此，中小学校长可通过内观自变、跨“界”协作、数智驱动、文化孕育的实践路径，迈向量子型领导。
【关键词】数智化时代；中小学校长；学校治理；量子型领导
Primary and Secondary School Principals’ Leadership Dilemma and Its Transcendence in the Age of Digital Intelligence: Enlightenment Based on Quantum Leadership
PENG Geng1,2 and WANG Shuai1
(1. School of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; 2. The Headmaster’s Training Department, Fujian Institute of Education, Fuzhou 350025, China)
Abstract: In the digital-intelligent era where digital technology and intelligent technology are deeply integrated, phenomena such as the diversification of knowledge subjects, the integration of virtual and real contexts, the rapid evolution of digital-intelligent technology, and the multidimensional fission of information are reshaping the relationships between the agents and recipients of education. These changes have disrupted the traditional boundaries of school governance, subverted conventional teaching thinking patterns, and intensified the variability of the school environment. As a result, principals of primary and secondary schools are facing leadership challenges characterized by a crisis of subjectivity, a lack of holistic governance, constraints on innovative development, and insufficient endogenous growth. The root causes can be attributed to the traditional leadership paradigm, which is based on the Newtonian classical philosophical worldview. This paradigm exhibits limitations such as reductive cognition, fragmented governance, a pursuit of stability, and exogenous motivation, which obscure the subjectivity of “members”, restrict the holistic nature of reform, suppress organizational creativity, and hinder endogenous growth, making it incompatible with the governance needs of schools in the digital-intelligent era. In contrast, quantum leadership, based on the quantum philosophical worldview, possesses multifaceted characteristics such as agility, innovation, inclusiveness, and flexibility. It can achieve transcendence in terms of motivational mechanisms, ways of thinking, interactive relationships, and philosophical assumptions, offering new insights for principals of primary and secondary schools. Therefore, principals can embark on the path to quantum leadership through practical approaches such as self-changing Vipassana, trans-boundary collaboration, digital-intelligent drive, and culture breeding.
Keywords: the age of digital intelligence; principals of primary and secondary schools; school governance; quantum leadership
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数智化时代中小学校长的领导困境及其超越.pdf
