崔海新 陈静漪 张晶晶
（河海大学 公共管理学院， 江苏 南京 211100）
【摘 要】以职业资本转化为支撑，聚焦具有差异化职业积累的成年群体，围绕其辞职读研的“逆社会时钟”教育决策，通过12名研究对象的深度访谈，探究该决策的生成逻辑与效能分化机制。研究发现，个体在职业场域中遭遇的职业倦怠推力与基于职场经验形成的学历增值期待拉力，共同构成驱动“学历突围”的职业资本转化驱动力推拉模型。职业资本转化主导的教育决策呈现三维锚定过程：微观个体层面，职业经历重塑的自我效能评估、个体价值重构需求及亲密关系网络的情感赋能构成决策心理锚点；中观资源层面，家庭经济资本的托底效应与职业经历资本的可迁移性为决策提供弹性行动空间；宏观环境层面，决策最终受制于市场人力资源偏好与社会结构规训的刚性限制。多层级张力导致同质化教育投入产生异质化结果，职业资本转化效率高的个体实现生涯能级跃迁，而转化阻滞者则陷入“学历通胀”困境。研究提出重视职业资本转化、完善非传统学习者支持制度等针对性策略，助力成人穿越“回炉再造”中的认知迷雾与结构壁垒。
【关键词】职业资本；教育决策；逆社会时钟；成人教育
How Does Heterogeneity of Occupational Capital Drive Transformation: A Study on the New Mechanisms of Adults’ “Counter-Social-Clock” Educational Decisions
CUI Haixin, CHEN Jingyi and ZHANG Jingjing
(School of Public Administration, Hehai University, Nanjing 211100, China)
Abstract: Based on the theory of occupational capital transformation, this study focuses on adult groups with differentiated occupational accumulation, centers on their “counter-social-clock” educational decision to quit jobs for graduate studies. Through in-depth interviews with 12 research participants, it explores the generative logic and efficacy differentiation mechanisms of this decisions. It is found that the push factor of occupational burnout encountered by individuals in the occupational field, together with the pull force of the expectation of enhanced educational qualifications formed through workplace experience, jointly constitute a push-pull model of occupational capital transformation that drives “educational breakthrough”. Secondly, the educational decision dominated by occupational capital transformation presents a three-dimensional anchoring process: at the micro-individual level, self-efficacy reshaped by occupational experience, the need for individual value reconstruction, and the emotional empowerment from intimate relationship networks constitute the psychological anchors of the decision; at the meso-resource level, the safety-net effect of family economic capital and the transferability of occupational experience capital provide flexible action space for the decision; at the macro-environmental level, the decision is ultimately constrained by the rigid limitations of market human resource preferences and social structural discipline. Multi-level tensions lead to heterogeneous outcomes from homogeneous educational investment: individuals with high efficiency in occupational capital transformation achieve career level leaps, while those experiencing obstruction fall into the predicament of “credential inflation”. Finally, targeted strategies such as emphasizing occupational capital transformation and improving support systems for non-traditional learners are proposed to help adults navigate the cognitive fog and structural barriers in their “re-education” process.
Keywords: occupational capital; educational decision; counter-social-clock; adult education
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职业资本异质性何以推动转化.pdf
